As a follow-up to yesterday's roundup of encryption algorithms, I bring you a roundup of popular hashing algorithms. Unlike encryption, which is generally a 2-way function (encrypt, then decrypt), hashing is generally one-way. There is no way to determine the original text based on a hash (except brute force) if it is properly implemented. So what's the point of that? Well, primarily it's used to verify the integrity of a given bit of data. Say, for instance, you are doing forensics on a computer system, and you generate hashes of all the files on the file system. You can demonstrate later,...